Episiotomy

Episiotomy is a planned surgical cut on the perineum and posterior vaginal wall during the second stage of labor to widen the vaginal opening and facilitate childbirth.

It's objective:

• To facilitate the easy and safe delivery of the foetus.
• To reduce the stress and strain on the foetal head.
• To minimize overstretching and rupture of the perineal muscle.

Advantage:

• Laceration extending to the rectum can be avoided
• Shortening of the second stage of labor and thereby reducing the bearing down efforts.
• Minimizes intracranial injuries especially in premature babies
• Reduces foetal asphyxia.

Disadvantages:

• Excessive bleeding
• Infection
• Urinary incontinence
• Anal incontinence
• Vulval hematoma
• Dyspareunia

Post episiotomy care:

• Use ice pack immediately after birth, this will help to reduce pain and swelling.
• After 24 hours of delivery take a warm bath.
• Keep the area clean and dry
• Change pads every 2-4 hours
• Soak your perineal area in a sitz bath for 15-20 minutes, 2-3 times daily
• Take painkillers on the recommendation of the doctor
• Drink lots of water
• Include fiber in your diet for a proper bowel movement.